This is interesting as my Uncle just gave me a barrel of traps which he purchased at auction years ago when he was in Montana. The traps were like a history of modifications I used to read about in The Trapper when Tom Krause used to edit that fine magazine. There were a number of Newhouse traps in the mix and I came across to single longsprings which were huge, and like your #4, but without the teeth.
I was puzzled by them, but as you have a single spring #4 Newhouse, I am convinced that Newhouse manufactured such a trap. I am wondering if this was a beaver trap with the teeth or could be used for cats. It can not be chance there are traps like this out there and it is likely they were manufactured.
One more thing, there were two traps in this in which the longsprings were broken at the bow, and another which was crushed. While there are no marks on them, I am thinking they must have been driven over, in perhaps trail sets, as I was surprised to see this many broken and bent springs.
These single spring Newhouse traps must have been a western trap as I noticed you were in Oregon. As the beaver and cats were gone in the east and that was more Blake and Lamb country, these single springs might only be found in the northwest.
There was a pile of Blake and Lambs in this barrel too. It was the first longsprings I had actually seen. I can see why people praised them.
Hope this helps as I believe you have the real deal and it is rare.
One more thing as I saw something on your trap as I posted this, the jaws on your trap have the Newhouse lock only one side. Those jaws were designed for only one set of springs. You have a true single spring trap. This was a wonderful find you have there.