If rifle season was as long as archery it would greatly increase the harvest. Like over harvest.
Plus rifle season puts a lot of pressure on the deer and they don't want that much pressure on them that long especially during rut.
X2 but I'll speak from different views.
1) on my rez its any weapon all year most choose to use guns on the rez for many reasons. Archery hunting has the big disadvantage when rifle is used.
2) The pressure is less on big game during archery which gives every hunter better odds.
3) Ever do a late season public land hunt with any weapon? Late season big game might be very skiddish at the sight of headlights or the sound of a truck and will book it out of the area. Just depends on the pressure they had were before hand. That was the case with my daughters cow hunt a years back. Hundreds - over a thousand elk be calm & the second they saw a truck they were gone. We were often the first truck in during her early December hunt. Now imagine hunting with that much pressure but doing archery. Closest we got during shooting hours was 100 yards my daughter froze. The avg closest distance we would get is 300 yards.
Some archery hunts here have a 2 half season, meaning the same archery hunt in Sept is also valid in parts of January. Those are real fun because pressure is calming down and weather can be bad so most hunters and hikers don't go which means even better chances. I love hunting in fresh snow