Lots of people out there to pick from, I suspect that there is a bias that the ones who do the hiring look for others with the same mindset. Another words if the boss is a member of the Sierra club, Audubon Society and PETA someone who is a member of the NRA, Trout Unlimited and Pheasants Forever will be passed over early in the selection.
Too many people applying for too few jobs is a valid point. I applied for a position recently that had 140 total applicants. I scored 26th put of 140 and wasn't offered an interview.
The way state jobs work in Wisconsin, your application is reviewed by a panel of folks in that same classification or something similar, usually consisting of 3 people. They go through each cover letter and resume and score them against the criteria set forth in the job posting. If your cover letter and resume hit on topics A through I, you get 9 points. If you don't have F or G, you get 7 points. Here's the kicker, if you're missing A, B or C, you're not even minimally qualified even if you have D through I. And the panel isn't supposed to assume you can do C even if they can infer it's one of your duties in a role they know has that responsibility. The 3 panelists only have to agree on which category you fall into, 1-3 points, 4-6 points or 7-9 points. Those scores are combined with some other factors to rank you against other applicants. Then the hiring supervisor can ask for a certain top percentage or just applicants with a certain total score or above. They don't even see the resume and cover letters until that list of top applicants is created, and sometimes they don't see resumes and cover letters at all! That just gets your foot in the door and you have to wow with the interview. Interviews are typically done by a panel of 2-4 folks in higher classifications in that program.
I'm not saying biases don't exist, because I have heard of certain gender supervisors who look to only hire those of the same gender, even going so far as to leak the interview questions to them so they have a leg up. But supervisors are out of the loop until the interview list is created.
I don't try to make a big deal of it on here for obvious reasons, but I am employed by the Wisconsin DNR. So I hear all the complaints, not just at work, but at bars and in groups of friends, especially when folks don't know or forget I work for the DNR. I also know a lot of people doing great work in our agency so I like to hope that most people talking trash about the DNR are referring to a select few folks they've had personal issues with in the past. But deep down I know some people just don't like the DNR because they're the DNR. Kinda like how some folks hate trappers just because we're trappers.